What reforms were pursued since 2016 to modernize PLA, and what are their aims?

• A. Nine theater commands.
• B. Merged all forces into a single unified command.
• C. Reorganization into five theater commands, command reforms, improved jointness, professionalization, and reduced corruption.
• D. Disbanded the Rocket Force.

Answer: (C)

Reforms since 2016 focus on turning the PLA into a more capable, integrated force built around joint, theater-centric command and professionalized personnel. The key move was reorganizing from the old military regions to five theater commands, each responsible for a geographic area and for coordinating all services—army, navy, air, rocket force, and strategic support—within its theater. This shift required command reforms that streamlined leadership and established a clearer joint chain of command under higher headquarters, enabling faster decision-making and coordinated operations. At the same time, efforts to improve jointness mean training, doctrine, and procurement are aligned so different services work as a cohesive fighting force rather than in silos. Professionalization programs modernize personnel systems, elevate training and career development, and cultivate specialized expertise across the force. An anti-corruption push aims to reduce waste and improve discipline, accountability, and overall effectiveness. Together, these changes are intended to produce a leaner, more agile PLA capable of rapid, credible operations across multiple theaters and in modern high-technology warfare.